Optic projection



N. MILLER OPTIC PROJECTION Dec. 27, 1932.

Filed Feb. l5, 1950 Patented Dec. 2719312k y 1 j. i j i i NIQHLAS MILLERQF BWER fOREST, :,[LIpINOS i y 1 i' vOP'rIc vrnoirnc'rroir y i Applicati@ ined .F.abruary 13, 193e. f semi No.r 428,125.

Thisfinvention is an improvement related cent to the aperture; the effect ,of this is subto my pending applications Ser, No. 196,252 stantially equivalent to that produced by the filed. June 3, 1927 and Ser. No.v 277 ,477 filed independent light controlling reflector sys,- May 14, 1928.v In `optic projectors of the tem described'in my applications above rep- 5 above class, .the film is continuously ymoved ferred to. v y p n v past an aperture, andthe movement of the In the accompanying Vdrawing Fig. 1 is a film pictures is compensated for byl movable diagrammatic side view of the apparatus. optic elements disposed betweenwthe film F1g..2 is a top view of Fig. 1. n Y. aperture and the screen. 'Io conserve the In Figures l and 2, R1, R2, R3, etc. repre- '10 light, and to obtain a uniform illumination of Sent the series of compensating reflectors ar- 55 the screen picture, it is necessary to^` control vranged about an axis A, and the pivotsof said the light rays which' are directed upon the reflectors are adapted to travel in a fixed path film pictures, and tooperate said controlling R 0 IGPIGSSDS the Objective, F the fllm'at means in unison Withthecompensatingmeans, the aperture; R0 is a fixed reflector positioned v15 In the applications above referred toa`se- S0 21S dlGCt the light NYS lfleCted I'OIII 60 ries of reflectors revolving about acoinmon the compensating reflectors, upon the film f axis,y and positioned between the objective MCHGS atthepeltule; L1 .fulfil-2 are'lenses and the screen, are adapted to compensate for disposed between .the compensating refiectors the movement of the film pictures, andanmld the' .film PlCtU'eS S Tepesellts the "320 other similar reflector system, positioned be- SOUICGv 0f light, and L iS a, COIldeIlSiIlg 1BRS 65 tweenliglit source andthe film aperture. is kSystem, OI projecting a light field from the adapted to directthe light rays upon the suc- SOUI'C@ S Upon the CQmpenSating reflectors.

cessive film, pictures, as they are movedpast X0y FeQIeSQIlS the optic axis of the Objecthe tpm-171114,.` Y tive,rvvhicli intersects the reflector R2 at an T525 The mechanical yactuations `of the comangle as Shown in Fig 13 011 the/OP View 70 pensating yreflector system, and of the light Flg- 2;, the optic axis ofthe objective is seen controlling reflector 'Systemy are Similar, 1n to be in a direction perpendicular to the axis that, both series revolve about an axis, and A and the plvotsjof kthe @OmpeIlSatIlg IQQC- the reflectors have kimparted t0 theman' intors. The axis X of the condenser lens sys- .30 ldependent rotary or rocking motion, during tem isbelovv, and to one side of the objective 75 the time they move through the active Zone. ,-aXiS X0, and s ldirected toward the same Ihave made the discover ,that by the'suitpOHlt Onthc reflector R2 as the axis X0 so able' choice of the size of re ectors, of the lens that, alight ray along the condenser lens systenibetween the reflectorsy and. theV aper-V axis X, in the direction ofthe arrow C, will 35 ture, with reference to the size ofthe ylight be d'ciiected upward and 'on .the other side of .80

45 meansofia' reflecting prism positioned adjaprismrRo' in tlie'direction of the-arrows' source, the height ofthe film pictures, in their theolbjective axis X0, along thelineXl, in relation to thefocal length of the objective, it the direction `of theirarrow D. y It Awill be ob,- is possibleto unite the functions-of compen- Served in Fig. l, that the objective axis` X0, sation and of'light control in the same series andthe reflectedaxial ray X1 0f the gon.

40 of refiectors, and thereby attainiconsiderable denser lenses, are Von the' samelevel, and 35 structural'simplification and compactnesfs. therefore, on this vievappeary tocoincide, This result is accomplished, by `directing but are sliovvn in theiry true relation in Fig .2 the light from the sourceupon the compensat- A. light ray proceeding along X1 is inter ing reflectors and upon the lm pictures, by cepted rand refiected by the fixed' reflectinlgl and G, upon the center of the film picture aperture at K. From K the ray proceeds to the objective O, and thence to the compensating reflector R2 to be finally reflected in the direction of the arrow B toward the center of the screen. The ray directed from the compensating reflector It2 to the screen, is in a vertical plane with the objective axis X0, directed downward, and in Fig. l it appears to coincide with the projection of the condenser axis X. What has been described is the path of an axi al ray proceeding from the source to its destination on the screen.

In optic projectors of this type (as explained in my pending applications) it is essential, for the conservation of light and for the attainment of a uniform illumination of the screen picture, that the successive film pictures be continuously and uniformly illuminated, and that picture rays of adjacent film pictures be maintained separated; that is, that all the picture rays belonging to a film picture, or to parts of adj acent pictures (at the aperture), be directed only to corresponding compensating reflectors.

These conditions may very satisfactorily be fulfilled, by projecting the images of a series of reflectors, substantially in superposition upon the film pictures, in such a Way, that the images of the parallel edges of the reflectors shall always fall upon the top and bottom edges of the film pictures. Simultaneously an image or images of the source are directed substantiallywupon the corresponding reflectors.

In the present invention the compensating reflectors are adapted to perform this light controlling function, besides the other and succeeding function of compensation, that is, rendering the continuously moving film picture image to appear stationary on the screen. Thus, as the light field from the source and the condensing system L illuminates the compensating reflectors, an image of said reflect-ors is projected by the lenses L1 and L2, in the manner above described, upon the film pictures at the aperture. The image of the source is simultaneously projected, by these same lenses, through the objective, to corresponding compensating reflectors.

It is-to be observed, that the proper positioning of the source images upon the compensating reflectors depends upon the movement of these same reflectors about their pivots, so that, to obtain proper function; ng, the compensating movement of the reflectors must coincide, with that, required for properly positioning the image source upon the same reflectors. This I have found to be readily attainable, by the proper choice of the lens system L1 and L2, with reference to the size of the compensating reflectors, of the size of the source, of the height of the film pictures, in their relation to the focal length of the objective.

the compensatingr These optic elements, from which the reflecting prism R0 receives illumination, produce the same effects, as if these elements were positioned, where their virtual images appear to be formed by the reflector rism R0, and for purposes of analysis, it is advantageous to consider these virtual images in combination, as composing the optic system. Thus L1', represents the virtual image of the lens L1; R1', Rz', Ra etc. represent the virtual images of the reflector system R1, R2, R, etc. and L' and S represent the virtual images of the condensing lenses L and of the source S.

What I claim is:

1. In an optic projector, a series of compensating re ectors ada ted to compensate for the movement of tfie film pictures; a source of light, and means for directing the light field upon the compensating reflectors; a film picture aperture; a lens 4system' and a relatively fixed reflector, positioned to'receive the light field reflected from the compensating reflectors, and to direct said light field upon the film picture aperture; an objective disposed between the aperture and reflectors, for projecting the picture rays om the aperture,upon the compensating reflectors.

2. In an optic projector, a series of compensating lreflectors adapted to compensate for the movement of the film pictures; a source ofplight, and means for directing the light field upon the compensating reflectors; a film picture aperture; a lens system for receiving the light rays from the compensating reflectors and adapted to form real images of said reflectors, the height of said images being substantially equal to the heig t of the film ictures; a relatively fixed reflector positioneto reflect the ima of the compensatingreflectors substantia ly in superposition upon the film pictures in the aperture, and an objective adapted to receive the picture rays from the aperture vand to direct them to the compensating reflectors.

3. In an optic projector, a series of compensating re ectors adapted to compensate for the movement of the film pictures; a source of light,fand means for directing the light field upon the compensating reflectors; a lens system adapted to form real images of the source, and a relatively fixed reflector, positioned to direct said light field upon the n film pictures in the aperture; an objective disposed between the aperture and the com pensating reflectors, for receivingthe rays from the aperture and for projecting the real images of the source, substantially upon corresponding compensating` reflectors.

4. In an optic projector, a series of compensating reflectors adapted to compensate for the movement rof the film ictures; a source o! light, and means for directing the light rays upon the compensating reectors; a film picture aperture; alens system positioned in the light field reflected from the compensating reflectors, and forming real images of the compensating refiectors and of the light source; a relatively fixed reector positioned to direct said real images of the compensating reectors substantially in superposition upon the film pictures in the aperture, and an objective disposed between the aperture and the compensating reflectors, for receiving the picture rays from the aperture, and projecting said images of the source substantially upon the compen- NIoHoLAs MILLER.

sating reflectors. 

